Abstract
In artificial liver blood purification system, highly efficient removal of multiple toxic metabolites from whole blood by hemoperfusion still remains a challenge in the clinical field, due to the limited unspecific absorptive capacity and low biocompatibility of adsorbents. In this work, a new pyridinyl-modified hypercrosslinked polystyrene (HCP) adsorbent, named HCP(St-DVB-VP), was constructed directly through a Friedel-Crafts post-crosslinking reaction using a small-molecule crosslinking agent for the first time. The preparation method provides in this study can avert the problem posed by the use of the toxic carcinogenic chloromethyl ether reagent in the traditional HCP resin synthesis process. The results indicated that HCP(St-DVB-VP) had a highly porous structure with a specific surface area of 761 m2 g−1. Notably, the adsorbent demonstrated excellent adsorptive properties towards both protein-bound toxins (bilirubin) and medium- and large-sized molecular toxins (PTH, IL-6) in vitro experiments simultaneously. More importantly, the obtained adsorbent showed acceptable hemocompatibility. Taken together, the low-cost and ecofriendly fabrication method, broad-spectrum adsorption performance and hemocompatibility makes the HCP(St-DVB-VP) promising for whole blood perfusion in artificial liver blood purification in clinical practice.
Highlights
Liver failure is the inability of the liver to perform its normal synthetic, metabolic, excretory and biotransformation functions
hypercrosslinked polystyrene (HCP) (St-DVB-VP) with a high specific surface area and rich porous structure was efficiently synthesized in one step
The small-molecule TMOF crosslinking agent directly resulted in a post-crosslinking reaction of macroporous hypocrosslinked polystyrene-DVB copolymer with functional groups, avoiding the use of the toxic carcinogenic chloromethyl ether reagent used in the traditional HCP resin synthesis process
Summary
Liver failure is the inability of the liver to perform its normal synthetic, metabolic, excretory and biotransformation functions. For patients with advanced liver disease, the accumulation of toxic metabolites results in a series of serious clinical consequences These toxic substances principally include protein-bound toxins (like bilirubin) and medium- and large-sized molecular toxins (like cytokines), etc. These toxins can cause local injuries and systemic injuries, such as systemic inflammatory response syndrome and multiple organ failure. Removing these toxic substances from the blood is a fundamental goal of the application of artificial liver for the treatment of liver failure (Hansen, 2002; Li, 2017). The artificial liver support system (ALSS) is a body circulatory system aims to blood purification, Multi-Functional Hemoperfusion Adsorptive Resin which consists of plasma exchange, hemodialysis, hemoperfusion, in combination with hemodiafiltration (Jiang et al, 2009)
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