Abstract
The designing of multifunctional materials in system-level efficiency is one of the main targets and a hot topic for the application of novel green or bio-based materials and structures. In this work, the chemical structure of bio-based cardanol that was derived from cashew oil was modified through a reaction with a bishydrazino-s-triazine derivative followed by condensation polymerization or reaction with terephthaldehyde to obtain a Schiff base polymer. The chemical structures of the modified cardanol-bishydrazino-s-triazine-based monomer and the Schiff base polymer were confirmed from FTIR and NMR spectroscopy analyses. The modified cardanol bishydrazino-s-triazine monomer and polymer were added with different weight ratios during the curing of the epoxy/polyamine hardener to improve the thermal, mechanical, and anti-corrosion characteristics of the epoxy coating of a steel substrate. The data elucidated that the presence of a cardanol bishydrazino-s-triazine monomer and polymer improves the thermal, mechanical, adhesion, and anti-corrosion characteristics of epoxy coatings after exposure for more than 1500 h. The presence of a cardanol- bishydrazino-s-triazine polymer more than 3 wt.% during the curing of epoxy networks produces superhydrophobic and self-healing epoxy coatings. The modification of the epoxy coating with the cardanol bishydrazino-s-triazine polymer improves the seawater contact angle by more than 150° and the adhesion strength of the epoxy coating with the steel surface.
Highlights
The design and fabrication of multi-functional additives has attracted great attention in both academic and technological research due to their potential applications for adjusting the surface properties of materials and their application for different purposes as protective for active species in dyes, paints, and coatings [1,2,3]
Cardanol reacts with TCT in the presence DIEA, as the former is an acid acceptor, controls the reaction of cardanol with TCT and produces cardanoxy 1,2-dichloro-2,4,6-triazine as illustrated in Scheme 1
New bio-based derivatives were produced from cardanol after etherification with
Summary
The design and fabrication of multi-functional additives has attracted great attention in both academic and technological research due to their potential applications for adjusting the surface properties of materials and their application for different purposes as protective for active species in dyes, paints, and coatings [1,2,3]. The multi-functional reliable additives used in the coating should not be costly and should exhibit a lower moisture penetration, a high durability, good impact resistance, good substrate adhesion, environmental friendliness, and easy compatibility with organic coatings [7,8,9,10]. Multifunctional epoxy resins, hardeners, and additives are valuable materials for steel coatings to replace conventional, widely used epoxy organic coatings that exhibit lower electrical conductivity, higher crosslinking density, lower toughness and impact resistances due to the presence of micro-cracks [19,20,21]. One of the drawbacks of epoxy coatings applications is the weak interactions between traditional fillers and epoxy coatings [18,19,22]
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