Abstract
Staphylococcal infection is one of the most common food-borne diseases in the world. Moreover, antimicrobial resistance of pathogenic bacteria, including Staphylococcus (S.) aureus is an emerging problem of food safety. This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of S. aureus in milk, chicken meat, egg and beef; and to determine the multi-drug resistance (MDR) profile of S. aureus in Mymensingh and Gazipur districts, Bangladesh. A total of 189 samples of milk (n=108), chicken meat (n=51), egg (n=20) and beef (n=10) were collected from Bangladesh Agricultural University dairy farm, American dairy farm, Gazipur and different dairy farms of municipal area and retail shops during July 2016 to June 2018. S. aureus were isolated and identified by conventional methods and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were done through disc diffusion test using 10 commonly used antibiotics. The overall prevalence of S. aureus in all food samples was 43.39%. A total of 39 (76.47%) chicken meat, 25 (23.15%) milk, 11(55%) egg and 07 (70%) beef samples were S. aureus positive through conventional method. Among 82 culture positive samples only 39 samples (47.56%) were confirmed by PCR. Antibiogram study showed that S. aureus isolated from chicken meat were mostly resistant to oxytetracycline (71.79%); and highly sensitive to amikacin (100%) and neomycin (100%). S. aureus isolated from milk samples were highly sensitive to neomycin (100%), and resistant to amikacin (56%). Only 28.57% isolates of S. aureus originated from beef samples were resistant to oxytetracycline and 100 % isolates were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, erythromycin, azithromycin, doxycycline. Similarly, S. aureus isolated from egg samples were resistant to erythromycin (81.82%) and 100% sensitive to amikacin. Out of 41.46% MDR isolates 12%, 53.85%, 90.91% and 0% of the S. aureus originated from milk, chicken meat, egg and beef respectively. The higher prevalence of S. aureus in chicken meat, beef, egg and milk indicates unhygienic production, marketing and processing of these foods. Presence of MDR S. aureus in these foods might pose serious public health threats. Rational use of antibiotics with higher sensitivity should be prescribed in managing poultry diseases to reduce re-emerging MDR in Bangladesh.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.5(2): 175-183, August 2018
Highlights
S. aureus (S. aureus) is an opportunistic pathogen in human and other different animal species
S. aureus isolated from egg samples were resistant to erythromycin (81.82%) and 100% sensitive to amikacin
S. aureus isolated from chicken meat were resistant to oxytetracycline (71.79%), azithromycin (64.10%) and erythromycin (58.97%); and sensitive to amikacin (100%), neomycin (100%), amoxicillin (94.87%), gentamicin (82.05%) and ciprofloxacin (71.79%)
Summary
S. aureus (S. aureus) is an opportunistic pathogen in human and other different animal species. There are some reports on the prevalence of Staphylococcus organism in poultry (Rahman and Samad, 2003, Ali et al, 2017), in milk (Mueena et al, 2015), in restaurant (49.3%) and household (Islam et al, 2016) cockroachs (26.7%), in pet (Habibullah et al, 2017) animal (40.86%) , and in frozen meat (95.83%) rinse ( Islam et al.2014) in Bangladesh. Multidrug resistant S. aureus in poultry meat have been reported in the USA (Andrew et al, 2011) and very limited research on antibacterial resistant in foods of animal origin (Ashrafudoulla et al 2017) and no report was found on staphylococcal infection in beef in Bangladesh. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of S. aureus along with multiple-drug resistance profile in in chicken meat, egg, beef and milk in Bangladesh
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