Multi-criteria analysis of sustainable environmental clean technologies for the treatment of winery's wastewater

Abstract

The current study deals with the application advanced oxidation process (AOP), as a clean technology for the treatment of winery's wastewater. In order to find out the best available technique (BAT) amongst several AOP, a multi criteria analysis was used. As key evaluation criteria the categories of costs, benefits, opportunities and risks, were applied, each one of them included a range of economic, environmental, technical and social sub-criteria. The final results indicated that the methods of homogeneous and heterogeneous photocatalysis can be applied satisfactorily to the treatment of wineries wastewater, resulting in reduction of total organic carbon in the range of 30% to 80%. The multi-criteria analysis indicated that, the homogeneous photocatalysis photo Fenton, predominates over other photocatalytic techniques due to the high rates of degradation of the organic load (80%). The application of a hybrid system combining homogeneous photocatalysis photo Fenton as a pre-treatment step followed by biological treatment is found to be relatively the optimal solution to resolve the problem of winery's wastewater treatment, resulting in more than 90% reduction of total organic load.