Abstract
Multi-agent-based smart grid applications have gained much attention in recent times. At the same time, information and communication technology (ICT) has become a crucial part of the smart grid infrastructure. The key intention of this work is to present a comprehensive review of the literature and technological frameworks for the application of multi-agent system (MAS) and ICT infrastructure usages in smart grid implementations. In the smart grid, agents are defined as intelligent entities with the ability to take decisions and acting flexibly and autonomously according to their built-in intelligence utilizing previous experiences. Whereas, ICT enables conventional grid turned into the smart grid through data and information exchange. This paper summarizes the multi-agent concept of smart grid highlighting their applications through a detailed and extensive literature survey on the related topics. In addition to the above, a particular focus has been put on the ICT standards, including IEC 61850 incorporating ICT with MAS. Finally, a laboratory framework concepts have been added highlighting the implementation of IEC 61850.
Highlights
The word ‘‘Smart grid’’ has become a buzzword all over the world
The aim of this paper is to propose a laboratory framework in information and communication technology (ICT) enabled smart grid employing multi-agent systems embedded in the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 61850 standard
The wide spread deployment of smart grid requires developers to handle a large amount of data and information among many parties ensuring reliable, resilient and secured electric grid operation
Summary
The word ‘‘Smart grid’’ has become a buzzword all over the world. A smart grid is defined by a bidirectional flow of electric power and data/information in order to establish a decentralized and intelligent electric power network among numerous interconnected elements (GenerationTransmission-Distribution) [1]. This work addresses the challenges for the integration of MAS and the ICT platform in the smart grid, highlighting a protection mechanism following an IEC standard. The primary goal of this work is to introduce a brief overview of the modern decentralized smart grid employing multiple intelligent agents, its applications in different segments and the implementation of one of the communication standards-IEC 61850. The concept, architecture, benefits, and applications in the use of intelligent agents in the smart grid have been summarized following an extensive literature review. The applications of a multi-agent system (MAS) with an enabling ICT structure in the smart grid is presented in section 6 categorizing into different sections, and each section consists of a detailed literature survey of MAS.
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