Abstract
This paper develops a robust optimization-based method to design orbits on which the sensory perception of the desired physical quantities are maximized. It also demonstrates how to incorporate various constraints imposed by many spacecraft missions, such as collision avoidance, co-orbital configuration, altitude and frozen orbit constraints along with Sun-synchronous orbit constraints. The paper specifically investigates designing orbits for constrained visual sensor planning applications as its case study. For this purpose, the key elements to form an image in such vision systems are considered and effective factors are taken into account to define a metric for perception quality. The method employs a max-min model to ensure robustness against possible perturbations and model uncertainties. While fulfilling the mission requirements, the algorithm devises orbits on which a higher level collective observation quality for the desired sides of the targets is available. The simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method for several scenarios involving low and medium Earth orbits as well as a challenging space-based space surveillance program application.
Highlights
In many practical applications, there is an increasing tendency to use a network of inexpensive agents with more sophisticated data-gathering equipment
This can be incorporated in the optimization problem (Equation (15)) by heavily penalizing the cost function whenever the minimum distance (d) between agents and any orbiting objects in all time instances is less than an acceptable threshold tr (Equation (19)): f (p) =
51 resident space objects (RSOs) are travelling on a geosynchronous orbit (GEO) and the rest are moving within a low Earth orbit (LEO) (Figure 15)
Summary
There is an increasing tendency to use a network of inexpensive agents with more sophisticated data-gathering equipment. One scenario that frequently happens in various space missions is the design of satellite trajectories on which the perception qualities of certain physical quantities of some targets are maximized In this constrained path planning problem, the orbit should fulfill particular requirements imposed by the mission. The contributions of this paper are: (1) The proposed formulation allows us to solve more general multi-agent orbit design problems seeking to optimize the sensory perception of multiple attributes of targets. This extends the existing single scenario optimization schemes.
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