Abstract
The complexity of the design of the protection system using directional over current relays, for modern power distribution systems has been increased due to the looped/meshed operation and the penetration of distributed generations. Finding a reliable and efficient protection scheme that can be easily implemented in these distribution systems is a major challenge. An efficient solution could be the use of artificial intelligent-based multi-agent systems. This paper proposes a novel distributed intelligent based multi-agent protection scheme, which makes use of current-only directional over current relays as agents for detecting and locating faults and isolating faulty areas (lines/busbars) in the distribution systems. All agents can make on-board decisions by exchanging binary data, and do not need a control centre, so the safety of the protection system against one-point failures and cyber-attacks is increased. The proposed scheme does not need to exchange analogue data, and, therefore, it prevents the high bandwidth communication links. Moreover, it is free from the traditional coordination between relays. This scheme is implemented on the IEEE-14 bus and IEEE-30 bus test systems with the distributed generations and several scenarios have been simulated to evaluate its performance.
Highlights
Today, most of the distribution systems are operated in a meshed/looped manner to increase the reliability of the system and provide uninterruptible power supply
This paper proposes a distributed multi-agent systems (MAS)-based protection scheme for looped/meshed distribution systems using currentonly directional overcurrent relays (DOCRs)
The proposed protection scheme includes line and busbar protection and it has the backup protection for relays and circuit breaker failures
Summary
Most of the distribution systems are operated in a meshed/looped manner to increase the reliability of the system and provide uninterruptible power supply. The use of advanced technology and intelligent algorithms has become of paramount importance for the proper design of the protection system in these networks [1]. In these years, different techniques have been proposed for detection and location of faults in the distribution systems. These techniques use different methods that can be separated in two main categories; namely, into conventional and knowledge-based methods The former includes impedancebased and traveling wave-based methods, while the latter includes expert systems (ES), fuzzy logic (FL), artificial neural networks (ANN), genetic algorithm (GA), support vector machines (SVM), matching data approach and hybrid methods [2]. In [6], a fuzzy inference
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