Abstract
It is well recognized that multiple power flow solutions may exist due to the power flow equations' nonlinearity. In this paper, we show that multiple power flow solutions may also exist due to different treatments of PV/PQ switching in the power flow calculation while the number of multiple power flow solutions caused by nonlinearity decreases with increasing loading conditions. It will be shown that the power flow solutions caused by different treatments of PV/PQ switching are generally voltage stable and the number of solutions increases with an increase in the loading conditions. The miscalculated power flow solution may lead to inaccurate system assessment results such as the load margin of static voltage stability analysis and the stability of dynamic analysis. In this paper, properties of multiple solutions, such as the Q-V feasibility is also presented. Numerical simulation results on a wide range of test systems from the IEEE 14-bus to the 6470-bus demonstrate the existence of multiple power flow solutions due to PV/PQ switching.
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