Abstract
Anal canal mucosectomy was originally an essential part of a restorative proctocolectomy. It allowed complete removal of mucosa at risk for inflammation (ulcerative colitis) and for the formation of polyps (polyposis coli). Development of a double-staple technique has led to questions about the necessity of mucosectomy. Several clinical situations (severe rectal dysplasia or carcinoma) argue strongly for a mucosectomy, and technical difficulties with a double-staple technique make it necessary that surgeons performing restorative proctocolectomies have the capability to perform a safe and effective mucosectomy. Mucosectomy techniques as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the technique are described.
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