Abstract
Background More than 90% of human immunodeficiency virus- (HIV-) infected patients show at least one mucocutaneous manifestation during the course of their disease. The frequency, pattern, and associated factors of these complications vary among different populations. Objective This study was planned to evaluate the frequency of cutaneous presentations in HIV-infected patients and their association with the count of CD4 cells. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on eighty-four HIV-positive patients, who attended the Behavior Consultation Center of Arak University of Medical Sciences. All subjects had a complete physical examination by an expert dermatologist. Further diagnostic procedures were performed, if necessary. Counts of CD4 were determined using flow cytometry. Results From 84 patients who enrolled in this study, 95.2% manifested at least one type of mucocutaneous lesions. The most common presentation was xerosis, followed by seborrheic dermatitis, herpes simplex, and oral candidiasis. Oral candidiasis and furuncle were significantly associated with decrease in CD4 cell counts. Conclusions Cutaneous manifestations are common in HIV-positive patients, some of which (oral candidiasis and furuncle) could be applicable as useful clinical indicators to predict the immune status of the patients. Therefore, regular skin examinations are recommended as routine HIV-infected patients' healthcare programs.
Highlights
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) involves different tissues and organs, including the skin [1]
E frequencies of different mucocutaneous manifestations are presented in Table 1. e most common skin disorders were xerosis
Several studies were conducted on skin disorders in human immunodeficiency virus- (HIV-)positive patients, the relationship between mucocutaneous lesions and CD4 counts was rarely evaluated. e frequency of mucocutaneous manifestations in HIV-positive patients in different studies was reported as 55.6% [11], 96% [15, 16], and 73.3% [17]
Summary
More than 90% of human immunodeficiency virus- (HIV-) infected patients show at least one mucocutaneous manifestation during the course of their disease. e frequency, pattern, and associated factors of these complications vary among different populations. More than 90% of human immunodeficiency virus- (HIV-) infected patients show at least one mucocutaneous manifestation during the course of their disease. Is study was planned to evaluate the frequency of cutaneous presentations in HIV-infected patients and their association with the count of CD4 cells. From 84 patients who enrolled in this study, 95.2% manifested at least one type of mucocutaneous lesions. E most common presentation was xerosis, followed by seborrheic dermatitis, herpes simplex, and oral candidiasis. Oral candidiasis and furuncle were significantly associated with decrease in CD4 cell counts. Cutaneous manifestations are common in HIV-positive patients, some of which (oral candidiasis and furuncle) could be applicable as useful clinical indicators to predict the immune status of the patients. Erefore, regular skin examinations are recommended as routine HIV-infected patients’ healthcare programs Cutaneous manifestations are common in HIV-positive patients, some of which (oral candidiasis and furuncle) could be applicable as useful clinical indicators to predict the immune status of the patients. erefore, regular skin examinations are recommended as routine HIV-infected patients’ healthcare programs
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