Abstract
While the use of topical drops for the delivery of drugs to the anterior of the eye is well accepted, it is far from efficient with as little as 5% of the drug instilled on the eye actually reaching the target tissue. The ability to prolong the residence time on the eye is desirable. Based on the acceptability of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate based polymers in contact lens applications, the current work focuses on the development of a poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)) nanoparticle system. The particles were modified to allow for degradation and to permit mucoadhesion. Size and morphological analysis of the final polymer products showed that nano-sized, spherical particles were produced. FTIR spectra demonstrated that the nanoparticles comprised poly(HEMA) and that 3-(acrylamido)phenylboronic acid (3AAPBA), as a mucoadhesive, was successfully incorporated. Degradation of nanoparticles containing N,N′-bis(acryloyl)cystamine (BAC) after incubation with DL-dithiothreitol (DTT) was confirmed by a decrease in turbidity and through transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Nanoparticle mucoadhesion was shown through an in-vitro zeta potential analysis.
Highlights
hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) is a water-soluble monomer that can be polymerized into a water insoluble polymer [1,2,3]
This means that various types of phenomena, relationship found between the zeta potential of the poly(HEMA, BAC) sample incubated with mucin and its corresponding nanoparticle control or the mucin control
The lower human corneal epithelial cells (HCEC) viability may have been caused by the increased amount of 3-(acrylamido)phenylboronic acid (3AAPBA) incorporated into the nanoparticles. These results show that the nanoparticles tested did not have a serious impact on the HCEC viability but that the presence of BAC on the surface of the particles may have negatively impacted cell growth and metabolism
Summary
HEMA is a water-soluble monomer that can be polymerized into a water insoluble polymer [1,2,3]. The controlled release of several drugs, including hydrophilic anticancer drugs, from poly(HEMA) nanoparticles has been documented [9]. Eye drops may be made up of a variety of solutions and particle-based materials containing an ocular drug [18]. The addition of mucoadhesive materials to the nanoparticles in the drops may help to extend the residence time in the eye [22]. The overall objectives of this work revolve around the creation of novel ophthalmically compatible nano-sized polymer particles (
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