Abstract
Several reports suggest that ELF-EMF exposures interact with biological processes including promotion of cell proliferation. However, the molecular mechanisms by which ELF-EMF controls cell growth are not completely understood. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of ELF-EMF on keratinocytes proliferation and molecular mechanisms involved. Effect of ELF-EMF (50 Hz, 1 mT) on HaCaT cell cycle and cells growth and viability was monitored by FACS analysis and BrdU assay. Gene expression profile by microarray and qRT-PCR validation was performed in HaCaT cells exposed or not to ELF-EMF. mTOR, Akt and MAPKs expressions were evaluated by Western blot analysis. In HaCaT cells, short ELF-EMF exposure modulates distinct patterns of gene expression involved in cell proliferation and in the cell cycle. mTOR activation resulted the main molecular target of ELF-EMF on HaCaT cells. Our data showed the increase of the canonical pathway of mTOR regulation (PI3K/Akt) and activation of ERK signaling pathways. Our results indicate that ELF-EMF selectively modulated the expression of multiple genes related to pivotal biological processes and functions that play a key role in physio-pathological mechanisms such as wound healing.
Highlights
The interest in the biological interaction of extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic field (EMF) with tissues, has increased due to their possible effect on human health, as well as their potential therapeutic use
The first aim of this study was to demonstrate the effect of short Extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) exposure on proliferation rates and its correlation with a different cell cycle distribution
Since the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT and MAPK pathways have been established as the major proliferative signalling pathways, we investigated their activation in keratinocytes exposed to EMF-ELF [23, 24]
Summary
The interest in the biological interaction of extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic field (EMF) with tissues, has increased due to their possible effect on human health, as well as their potential therapeutic use. Low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF), with frequencies less than 300 Hz, do not have enough energy to break molecular bonds, nor to cause DNA damage, ionization or even to have thermal effects on cells and tissues [1]. There have been several evidences that one of the most important physiological effects of ELF-EMF is the promotion of cell proliferation. ELF-EMF effectiveness has been demonstrated by therapeutical applications in tissue regeneration, wound and bone healing [2,3,4,5,6].
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