MTCEE-LLN: Multilayer Threshold Cluster-Based Energy-Efficient Low-Power and Lossy Networks for Industrial Internet of Things

Abstract

Internet of Things (IoT) is a new technology with multiple smart connected sensors capable of processing, storing, and computing. Industrial IoT (IIoT) is used in industrial applications, such as infrastructure, medical, logistics, and energy efficiency in smart grids. The network lifetime will be extended when sensor node energy usage is effectively controlled. This article proposed a multilayer threshold cluster-based energy-efficient low power and lossy networks (MTCEE-LLN) protocol for IIoT devices to decrease the network data traffic, sensor node energy consumption (EC) and also extends the network lifetime. The proposed scheme works in three phases: 1) network creation; 2) intra clustering; and 3) intercluster routing. The MTCEE-LLN forms equal-sized cluster in each transmission and elects the cluster head (CH). It maintains the destination-oriented directed acyclic graph (DODAG) to performs data transmission from the downward layer to the <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathrm{ DODAG}}_{\mathrm{ root}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> . Furthermore, it aggregates the data packets in the cluster node to increases the network lifetime by reducing the number of redundant data packet transmissions. The proposed routing protocol has been evaluated based on different performance parameters such as packet loss rate (PLR), EC, control packet rate (CPR), and Node Failure Ratio. The simulated result proves its effectiveness compared to other traditional routing protocols.