Abstract
This research provides a strategy for partially replacing cement with municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) bottom ash (BA) to improve the performance of concrete against sulphate attack. Mortar strength tests were performed firstly to evaluate the hydration activity of the ground BA. Concrete specimens were cured in standard conditions and immersed in a solution that contained 10% sodium sulfate. Then, the compressive strength of these specimens was measured to investigate the mechanical properties and durability of the concrete. Next, the capillary porosity of the concrete was determined from the volume fractions of water lost in specimens. Finally, the transport of the sulphate solution in concrete was analyzed using capillary rise, crystallization rate, and solution absorption tests. The results indicated that BA had a certain hydration activity. The equivalent replacement of cement by BA decreased the compressive strength of the specimens but increased the durability of the concrete. There was an excellent correlation between capillary rise height, sulfate solution absorption amount, crystallization rate, and coarse capillary porosity. The addition of BA can decrease the coarse capillary porosity and further slow the capillary transport and crystallization of sulfate solution in concrete. Overall, the replacement of cement with BA can improve the durability of concrete and actualize the utilization of MSWI residues as a resource.
Highlights
The quantity of municipal solid waste continues to increase; it exceeded 2.1 billion tons as of 2017 in China, but it is still growing at a rate of 5% to 8% a year [1]
M 0 × ρw Pcoarse = Ptotal − P f ine where Ptotal is the total porosity of the concrete specimen (%); Pfine is the fine capillary porosity of the concrete specimen (%); Pcoarse is the coarse capillary porosity of the concrete specimen (%); M0 is the mass of the saturated concrete specimen; M1 is the mass of the concrete specimen cured at RH = 90% for 30 days; M2 is the mass of the dried concrete specimen; ρc is the density of the concrete; and ρw is the density of the water
Both the compressive and flexural strengths of the mortar decreased with increasing Bottom ash (BA) content, which is similar to the results of previous research [30,31,32]
Summary
The quantity of municipal solid waste continues to increase; it exceeded 2.1 billion tons as of 2017 in China, but it is still growing at a rate of 5% to 8% a year [1]. Physical the destruction destruction of of solution and the Physical attack attack refers refers to to the concrete by the crystallization of the salt solution [13]. Compared with mineral cement, admixtures such industrial mineral lower fineness and with cement, such industrial have lower admixtures fineness andhave particle size; particle admixed size; concrete admixed with compactness. MSWI bottom bottom ash ash to to resist resist sulfate sulfate attack attack on on concrete concrete has has been been rarely rarely reported, reported, and and the the the transportation and crystallization processes salt solution solution in in concrete concrete remain remain unknown. To have great impacts on the mechanical properties and salt solution transportation
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