MRI underestimates presence and size of knee osteophytes using CT as a reference standard

Abstract

To explore the diagnostic performance of routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the cross-sectional assessment of osteophytes (OPs) in all three knee compartments using computed tomography (CT) as a reference standard. The Strontium Ranelate Efficacy in Knee Osteoarthritis (SEKOIA) trial explored the effect of 3 years of treatment with strontium ranelate in patients with primary knee OA. OPs were scored for the baseline visit only using a modified MRI Osteoarthritis Knee Score (MOAKS) scoring system in the patellofemoral (PFJ), the medial tibiofemoral (TFJ) and the lateral TFJ. Size was assessed from 0 to 3 in 18 locations. Descriptive statistics were used to describe differences in ordinal grading between CT and MRI. In addition, weighted-kappa statistics were employed to assess agreement between scoring using the two methods. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value as well as area under the curve (AUC) measures of diagnostic performance were employed using CT as the reference standard. Included were 74 patients with available MRI and CT data. Mean age was 62.9±7.5 years. Altogether 1,332 locations were evaluated. For the PFJ, MRI detected 141 (72%) of 197 CT-defined OPs with a w-kappa of 0.58 (95% CI [0.52-0.65]). In the medial TFJ, MRI detected 178 (81%) of 219 CT-OPs with a w-kappa of 0.58 (95% CI [0.51-0.64]). For the lateral compartment these numbers were 84 (70%) of 120 CT-OPs with a w-kappa of 0.58 (95% CI [0.50-0.66]). MRI underestimates presence of osteophytes in all three knee compartments. CT may be helpful particularly regarding assessment of small osteophytes particularly in early disease.