MRI of plantar fasciitis

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the type and frequency of characteristic bone and soft tissue changes on MRI of patients with a clinical diagnosis of plantar fasciitis. 28 patients with a clinical diagnosis of plantar fasciitis underwent MR imaging. Besides T1- and T2-weighted sequences, short-tau-inversion-recovery sequences were used routinely. In 27 patients T1-weighted images after intravenous contrast injection were acquired additionally. As a control group the images of 15 patients without clinical signs for plantar fasciitis were evaluated. In 25 of 28 cases (89%) the clinical diagnosis of plantar fasciitis was established by MR imaging. The most common finding was a peritendinous edema at the calcaneal insertion site which was found in all 25 patients. In 19 of 25 cases (76%) a bone marrow edema of the calcaneus was present. In 14 of 25 cases (56%) an intratendinous signal intensity increase of the plantar fascia could be observed which showed contrast enhancement in 12 cases. Compared to the control group (mean thickness 3.3 mm) the plantar fascia showed significant thickening in the 25 MR positive patients (mean thickness 6.72 mm). Besides thickening of the plantar fascia and intratendinous signal intensity increase with contrast enhancement to some extent, bone marrow edema of the calcaneus and peritendinous edema close to the plantar fascia are characteristic signs of plantar fasciitis on MRI. Both signs can reliably be seen on STIR sequences only.