Abstract
Slow spinal compressions are due to the development of an expansive process in the spinal canal. It is a very common pathology, the diagnosis of which is mainly clinical. However, magnetic resonance imaging occupies an essential place in the site diagnosis and etiological research in the management. Non-traumatic spinal cord compression is a diagnostic and therapeutic emergency, requiring early and appropriate management. MRI is the benchmark imaging examination for this pathology. No similar previous MRI study in Mali. We undertook this work with the aim to determine the place of MRI in the diagnosis of spinal cord compressions in Mali hospital. Method and Patients: This was a descriptive retrospective study, carried out at the hospital’s medical imaging department from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2018 (02 years). It involved all patients, regardless of sex and age, sent for an MRI examination of the spine, and in whom spinal cord compression was diagnosed. We used a 0.35T low-field MRI machine with solid-state antennas. Results: We collected 179 cases of spinal cord compression MRI out of 585 spinal MRI performed, (frequency of 30.59%). The average age was 53.5 years with a male predominance (sex ratio 3.7). Motor disorders were the most common reason for examination (41%). We used the T1 T2 sagittal and T2 axial sequences. IV injection of gadolinium was performed in 48% of patients. The topographic lesions were: cervical (54.7%), thoracic (31.3%) and several segments (9.5%). The lesions concerned the compartments: extradural (79.3%), intradural (4.5%), and intramedullary (16.2%). The processes were degenerative (57.5%). tumorous (29.6%), infectious (12.3%) and vascular (0.6%). Conclusion: MRI is the benchmark imaging test for the management of non-traumatic spinal cord injury. Myelo-CT can be an alternative in the absence or in case of MRI contraindication.
Highlights
Slow spinal compressions are due to the development of an expansive process in the spinal canal
We undertook this work with the aim to determine the place of MRI in the diagnosis of spinal cord compressions in Mali hospital
Slow spinal compressions are defined as non-traumatic pathological processes which, through mechanical and/or vascular phenomena, lead to a progressive loss of spinal functions, the outcome of which is a flaccid paraplegia or tetraplegia [1] [2]
Summary
Slow spinal compressions are defined as non-traumatic pathological processes which, through mechanical and/or vascular phenomena, lead to a progressive loss of spinal functions, the outcome of which is a flaccid paraplegia or tetraplegia [1] [2]. It is a diagnostic and therapeutic emergency [1] [3]. MRI remains the benchmark examination for the emergency management of spinal cord compression syndrome This MRI must be performed in an immediate emergency, as soon as the diagnosis is suspected from the clinic [3]. A good knowledge of the spinal anatomy and functional neurological often makes it possible to orient the explorations and the topographic diagnosis [1]
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