MRA studies of arterial stenosis: Improvements by diastolic acquisition

Abstract

Cardiac-phase-specific data acquisition is used to reduce signal loss in MR Angiography resulting from disturbed flow. RF pulses are delivered continuously throughout the cardiac cycle, but incrementation of phase-encoding gradients and data storage are enabled only during the chosen part of the cycle. Studies in a stenotic pulsatile flow phantom demonstrate that poststenotic signal loss is primarily determined by the mean flow velocity, and is not appreciably affected by acceleration or deceleration of the mean flow rate. The signal loss is least in diastole. In vivo studies in patients with carotid artery disease show that data acquisition in diastole reduces the apparent degree and extent of carotid bifurcation stenosis and provides a crisper definition of the vascular lumen. The additional time required for cardiac-phase-specific acquisition can be reduced by gating only the lower-order phase-encoding lines while retaining acceptable image quality.