Abstract
Two hundred years ago this New Year's Day, residents in the Federal City wit nessed an extraordinary spectacle unlike any witnessed before or since in the capi tal city famed for its political showmen and ceremony. With great fanfare, President Thomas Jefferson received at the new executive mansion mammoth cheese, gift from small Baptist community in western Massachusetts, which made the cheese to celebrate Jefferson's election and commemorate his devotion to religious liberty. On the same day, 1 January 1802, Mr. Jefferson penned an ad dress to Baptist association in Connecticut in which he said the First Amendment built a wall of separation between church and state. Today, this architectural metaphor is accepted by manu Americans, including jurists, as pithy description of the constitutionally prescribed church-state arrangement. This essay commemo rates these two events, rich in symbolism: one is all but forgotten and the other continues to inform church-state discourse and policy.
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