Mpox in the Mexican population: Case Report and review of the literature

Abstract

Mpox is a disease caused by an Orthopoxvirus, first discovered in Denmark in 1958 and presenting its first epidemic outbreaks in 1970. Currently, as of May 2022, numerous cases have been reported in non-endemic countries, generating worldwide concern given the current pandemic disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. To date, more than 85,142 cases have been reported worldwide and more than 3,768 in Mexico, predominantly in the male population, specifically in men who have sex with men and those with a history of HIV as major comorbidity. We present the case of a Mexican patient with a clinical diagnosis of Mpox with evidence of dermatologic lesions and emphasize the clinical context of his infection mechanism. This case report aims to highlight the importance of the underdiagnosis of the disease at the nationwide level and the need for a real epidemiological paradigm in Mexico. Likewise, the objective is to destigmatize the antecedents that lead to a risk of Mpox infection, as well as a review of the literature and correlation of the same with the clinical case in question.