MP82-02 EVALUATION OF STUDENT ATHLETE KIDNEY STONE RISK VIA 24 HOUR URINE COLLECTION

Abstract

You have accessJournal of UrologyStone Disease: Epidemiology & Evaluation I1 Apr 2016MP82-02 EVALUATION OF STUDENT ATHLETE KIDNEY STONE RISK VIA 24 HOUR URINE COLLECTION Katherine Theisen, Omar Ayyash, Matthew Ferroni, Kevin Rycyna, Julie Riley, Timothy Averch, and Michelle Semins Katherine TheisenKatherine Theisen More articles by this author , Omar AyyashOmar Ayyash More articles by this author , Matthew FerroniMatthew Ferroni More articles by this author , Kevin RycynaKevin Rycyna More articles by this author , Julie RileyJulie Riley More articles by this author , Timothy AverchTimothy Averch More articles by this author , and Michelle SeminsMichelle Semins More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2016.02.2143AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Dehydration is a known risk factor for kidney stone formation. High-caliber athletes who undoubtedly experience prolonged states of dehydration during competition and training do not have an apparent increased risk of stone events. We aimed to determine why athletes do not experience an increased incidence of nephrolithiasis. To do this we performed a study to evaluate urinary risk factors for kidney stone formation in student athletes utilizing 24 hour urine collections. METHODS After IRB and NCAA compliance office approval, thirty four student athletes (ages 19-22) were enrolled in and completed the study. Demographics, body mass index, medical and surgical history, medications, and specific sport were recorded. All participants collected at least one 24 hour urine specimen. Standard stone risk parameters were assessed. Summary statistics were calculated to define the normal trends for young adult athletes. Descriptive analyses were then performed comparing this population to standard normal lab values, including variations by gender. RESULTS The average age of the athletes was 20 years old with a median body mass index of 23.7. There were 16 females and 18 males in the study. Median urine volume was 1.46 liters with 68% of the subjects having volumes less than 2 liters. Median calcium excretion in females was 219 with 63% having abnormally high excretions compared to normal values. Uric acid excretion was high in 56% of male student athletes and 68% of all student athletes had high sodium excretion. Magnesium excretion was normal/high in 56% while citrate excretion was low in 59% of female subjects and 39% of male subjects. Over 90% of athletes had high excretion of creatinine per kilogram per 24 hours. All athletes had at least one risk factor for kidney stone formation, however, all male athletes and over 50% of female athletes also had one or more stone protective factors. CONCLUSIONS Student athletes appear to have a high prevalence of urinary risk factors for stone formation such as low volume, high calcium, high uric acid, high sodium, and low citrate. Overall stone risk in this population may be offset by increased levels of stone-protective factors such as magnesium. High muscle mass may be protective or at least a marker of decreased risk. These findings may potentially explain the lack of increased incidence of nephrolithiasis in athletes. Further study is needed. © 2016FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 195Issue 4SApril 2016Page: e1073 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016MetricsAuthor Information Katherine Theisen More articles by this author Omar Ayyash More articles by this author Matthew Ferroni More articles by this author Kevin Rycyna More articles by this author Julie Riley More articles by this author Timothy Averch More articles by this author Michelle Semins More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...