Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES:Ureteroscopy (URS) for stone extraction often requires more than one visit to the operating room due to inability to access the renal pelvis. We sought to identify the risk factors for failed ureteroscopic access.METHODS:In this retrospective study from a tertiary university hospital, we examined the risk factors for failed ureteroscopic access in 182 consecutive patients. Failed access was defined as the inability to traverse the complete ureter and visualize the entire renal pelvis. Risk factors evaluated included sex, race, age, BMI, history of urinary tract infection, prior stone procedure, stone laterality, aspirin use, pre-operative urine culture, preoperative antibiotics, Charlson comorbidity, history of prior stent, preoperative stent, as well as dwell time, operative time and total stone burden (mm). Fisher’s exact test and Wilcoxon rank-sum test were used to test for associations between failed URS access and patient-related and surgical factors.RESULTS:Of the 182 att...
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