Mo-W-O nanowire intercalated graphene aerogel nanocomposite for the simultaneous determination of dopamine and tyrosine in human urine and blood serum sample

Abstract

• A novel electrochemical sensor was fabricated based on Mo-W-O nanowire intercalated graphene aerogel nanocomposite for the first time. • The proposed Mo-W-O/GA nanocomposite was prepared by two steps, facile hydrothermal and freeze-drying method. • Owing to the huge surface area, high porosity, and excellent conductivity of the GA facilitates the electron transfer process during the electrochemical reaction. • The proposed sensor was used to detect the dopamine and tyrosine in human urine and blood serum with satisfactory results. In recent years, most people affected by neurotransmitters and amino acid-related diseases, which cause more disorders in the human brain and body. And hence monitoring the trace level of neurotransmitters and amino acids is necessary. Nowadays transition bimetallic oxides (TBMO’s) play a vital role in sensing application due to their unique physical, electrical, and chemical properties. As the carbon-based materials, importantly graphene aerogel (GA) have a high surface area to enhance the conductivity of the electrode material. Here, we reported a molybdenum tungsten oxide nanowire intercalated graphene aerogel (Mo-W-O/GA) nanocomposite-based sensor for the simultaneous detection of dopamine (DA) and tyrosine (Tyr). The proposed Mo-W-O/GA nanocomposite was prepared by two steps, facile hydrothermal and freeze-drying method. The formation of the nanocomposite was verified by various spectroscopic techniques. The resulting Mo-W-O/GA/GCE could be used for the quick and sensitive simultaneous determination of DA and Tyr in the presence of other bio interfering compounds. The Mo-W-O/GA sensor exhibited maximum performance toward DA and Tyr under optimum conditions. The sensor parameter such as linear range and lower detection limit (LOD) of Mo-W-O/GA/GCE for the determination of DA was 0.001–448.0 μM and 0.8 nM respectively, and for the determination Try a linear range of 0.001–478.0 µM and LOD of 1.4 nM was obtained. The newly proposed sensor was used for precise sensing of DA and Tyr in human urine and blood serum samples with good satisfactory recoveries.