Abstract
The yolk sac is the first observed site of hematopoiesis during mouse ontogeny. Primitive erythroid cells are the most well-recognized cell lineages produced from this tissue. In addition to primitive erythroid cells, several types of hematopoietic cells are present, including multipotent hematopoietic progenitors. Yolk sac-derived blood cells constitute a transient wave of embryonic and fetal hematopoiesis. However, recent studies have demonstrated that some macrophage and B cell lineages derived from the early yolk sac may persist to adulthood. This review discusses the cellular basis of mouse yolk sac hematopoiesis and its contributions to embryonic and adult hematopoietic systems.
Highlights
The yolk sac is the first observed site of hematopoiesis during mouse ontogeny
The yolk sac tissue consists of two layers: a visceral endoderm layer derived from the primitive endoderm and an extra-embryonic mesoderm layer derived from epiblast cells that make an ingress through the primitive streak (Figure 1)
In this type of amphibian embryo, blood cells are initially formed ventrally, at sites known as ventral blood islands, which are considered to be a counterpart of yolk sac hematopoiesis (Turpen et al, 1997)
Summary
Valerie Kouskoff, University of Manchester, United Kingdom James Palis, University of Rochester, United States. Stem Cell Research, a section of the journal Frontiers in Cell and Developmental. The yolk sac is the first observed site of hematopoiesis during mouse ontogeny. Primitive erythroid cells are the most well-recognized cell lineages produced from this tissue. In addition to primitive erythroid cells, several types of hematopoietic cells are present, including multipotent hematopoietic progenitors. Yolk sac-derived blood cells constitute a transient wave of embryonic and fetal hematopoiesis. Recent studies have demonstrated that some macrophage and B cell lineages derived from the early yolk sac may persist to adulthood. This review discusses the cellular basis of mouse yolk sac hematopoiesis and its contributions to embryonic and adult hematopoietic systems
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