Abstract
espanolSe aborda la relacion entre el macizo croata conocido como monte Ucka, la mitologia eslava, el turismo y la religiosidad popular en el norte de Croacia. Para ello, se realizan entrevistas informales y observaciones antropologicas de campo en los contrafuertes y la cumbre del pico Vojak, en el refugio de montana de Poclon, en las aldeas de Veprinac y Volosco; y en el santuario de Trsat, importante lugar de peregrinacion y devocion popular cristiana, situado en una colina cercana al monte Ucka. Ademas, se analiza la construccion simbolica de la montana sagrada y su importancia en el robustecimiento de la identidad croata, teniendo en cuenta la recreacion de la mitologia eslava por medio de su representacion en la folleteria turistica de la Riviera de Opatija. Asimismo, con fines comparativos para la presente investigacion, se ascendio a otras montanas sagradas de Croacia tales como el monte Vidova Gora en la isla de Brac o el macizo de Biokovo en Makarska. El monte Ucka participa en la universalidad del mito de la lucha entre deidades celestes y del inframundo, por mediacion de la figura de Perun, el dios atmosferico eslavo, cuya morada se identifica con uno de los contrafuertes costeros del macizo. Otras entidades mitologicas, tales como las brujas que habitan en los pinaculos carsticos, o el llamado Babbo Natale, remiten al folclore de montana caracteristico de Europa del Este y del oriente del arco alpino. El proceso de cristianizacion de este monte queda reflejado en la toponimia local y en la dispersion de iglesias, santuarios marianos y abadias. La investigacion se completo con un ascenso a la colina de Trsat, para documentar la actividad de los peregrinos en la iglesia y las ofrendas depositadas en la capilla votiva. El mas antiguo santuario mariano de Croacia se encuentra erigido en una pequena elevacion al otro lado del golfo de Kvarner, que ofrece una vista privilegiada hacia el macizo de Ucka y la riviera de Abadia. EnglishThe relationship between the Croatian massif known as Mount Ucka, Slavic mythology, tourism and popularreligiosity in northern Croatia is addressed in this paper. For this, informal interviews and anthropological fieldobservations are carried out on the buttresses and the summit of Vojak Peak, in the Poclon mountain refuge, inthe villages of Veprinac and Volosco; and in the sanctuary of Trsat, an important place of pilgrimage and popularChristian devotion, located on a hill near Mount Ucka. In addition, the symbolic construction of the sacredmountain and its importance in strengthening the Croatian identity are analyzed, taking into account the recreationof Slavic mythology through its representation in the tourist brochures of the Opatija Riviera. Also, for comparativepurposes for the present investigation, other sacred mountains in Croatia such as Mount Vidova Gora on theisland of Brac or the Biokovo massif in Makarska were ascended. Mount Ucka participates in the universalityof the myth of the struggle between celestial deities and the underworld, through the figure of Perun, the Slavicatmospheric god, whose dwelling is identified with one of the coastal buttresses of the massif. Other mythologicalentities, such as the witches who inhabit the karst pinnacles, or the so-called Babbo Natale, refer to the mountainfolklore characteristic of Eastern Europe and the east of the Alpine arch. The process of Christianization of thismountain is reflected in the local toponymy and in the dispersion of churches, Marian sanctuaries and abbeys.The investigation was completed with an ascent to the hill of Trsat, to document the activity of the pilgrims inthe church and the offerings deposited in the votive chapel. The oldest Marian shrine in Croatia is located on asmall elevation on the other side of the Kvarner Gulf, which offers a privileged view of the Ucka massif andthe Abbey riviera.
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