Abstract
The paper is devoted to the measurement and to the processing of load spectra of forces and moments acting at the wheel hub of a motorcycle. Smart wheels (SWs) have been specifically developed for the scope. Throughout the paper, the extreme case of a race motorcycle is considered. Accurate load spectra were measured in two race circuits. Standardized load spectra are derived by processing measured data. A way to easily generalize the measured load spectra is proposed for the first time for motorcycles. Several loading conditions, related to the motorcycle straight line motion, cornering, curb hit and gear shift, are identified and extracted from the experimental measures. For each loading condition, by means of simple semi-analytical models (SAMs), a relationship is found between the vertical force on the wheel, the tilt angle of the motorcycle and the remaining forces and moments acting at the wheel hub. Such relationships are nothing else than the standardized load spectra. Additionally, a simple and efficient method based on smart wheels for real-time structural monitoring is proposed. Standardized load spectra prove to provide consistent results even when compared to real-time structural monitoring data. By means of the presented smart wheels, advanced lightweight motorcycle construction is enabled by derivation of standardized load spectra or real time estimation of the damage of structural components.
Highlights
In this paper, we propose to use smart wheels (SWs) to derive load spectra for the design or for the structural monitoring of motorcycles
We review below a number of papers that deal with load spectra derived for motorcycles, all of them do not focus on standardized load spectra
The continuous structural health monitoring is not possible with the presented smart wheels. In case such wheels will be made available on the consumer market, we propose a method based on the application of Equation (17) to monitor the continuous on-line damaging process of motorcycle structural components
Summary
We propose to use smart wheels (SWs) to derive load spectra for the design or for the structural monitoring of motorcycles. Using SWs for detecting external forces acting on a motorcycle enables in a straightforward way . Referring to SWs, in previous papers, the authors have presented their activity in the field. SWs have been conceived, manufactured and employed extensively [1,2]. The developed SWs are used for research or testing purposes. In the future, they could be industrialized to equip consumer motorcycles. A complete overview on smart wheels for motorcycle applications can be found in [3]
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