Abstract
In this article, an analysis of paths to improve the environmental performance of internal combustion engines through the use of alternative motor fuels or by modifying regular petroleum fuels with microdoses has been presented. The experience of various researchers of the hydrogen interaction mechanism with hydrocarbon fuel and its influence on the characteristics of the air-fuel mixture combustion and the performance of the operating cycle of a piston internal combustion engine has been considered. The method of improvement characteristics of toxicity diesel midget by addition in nominal diesel fuel (DF) microdoses of the atomic and molecular Hydrogen and at the expense of it decrease in level emission of harmful substances with the exhaust gases (EG) has been offered. Receiving mix of atomic and molecular Hydrogen by its generation provides a path in the compact economic electrolyzer which is powered from a DC power source with tension of 12 V. Integration of this electrolyzer type in the fuel system of the vehicle will rid from creation of an additional hydrogen power supply system of the engine with use of the bulky and fire-hazardous equipment for storage of an onboard reserve of Hydrogen. The research of toxicity indexes of the fulfilled for diesel gases with use of regular diesel fuel was conducted at the motor stand for three modes of its loading – 0.8; 1.0; 1.2 kW. At the following stage researches for the same load conditions with addition to fuel of the Hydrogen microdoses in a fraction – 0.49 ; 1.15; 1.83% (on mass) have been executed. Motor influence research results of hydrogen microdoses on diesel midget of toxicity indicators 1Ч8,5/11 have been brought to diesel fuel. The effect consists in the composition exception of the exhaust gases of the unburnt hydrocarbons and weakening of white damp in EG practically up to 0 and concentration of nitrogen oxide for 14–26%.
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