Motivations and expectations of German volunteer firefighters

Abstract

ABSTRACT In many countries of the world, fire brigades are led by volunteers. Using Germany as an example, the article examines what motivates volunteer firefighters in rural areas to engage in this specific voluntary activity and what they expect from political decision-makers and officials in turn. To answer these questions, the article presents the results of a survey of 429 volunteer firefighters from the 16 fire brigades of a rural district in western Germany and a focus group discussion with their chiefs. The case study confirms the findings of previous international studies that egoistic and altruistic motives guide volunteer firefighters. At the same time, the data shows that the volunteers strive for a certain professionalism in the exercise of their work, which also drives them. These motives generate specific expectations on the part of volunteers, especially in terms of recognition and appreciation from political and administrative officials. The volunteer firefighters expect that their work will be recognized by citizens, politicians and public administrators and will be valued accordingly both on a personal level (in the form of material and immaterial recognition) as well as in providing appropriate framework conditions for the adequate performance of their work (equipment, acceptance by employers).