Abstract
Many studies have shown connections between perfectionism, motivation, and anxiety disorders (AD), as well as essential hypertension (EH). The objective of this study is to examine the connections between motivation and the structure of perfectionism in AD patients and EH patients compared to healthy individuals. Projective and semi-projective tests (thematic apperception test (TAT) of Heckhausen, Multi-Motive Grid) were used to measure motivation, while a perfectionism questionnaire by Hewitt and Flett was used to determine perfectionism levels. The participants were 21 AD patients, 21 EH patients, and 33 healthy individuals. EH patients show higher level of other-oriented perfectionism, and AD patients demonstrate increased levels of self-oriented perfectionism compared to the healthy group. Both groups of patients are motivated by fear of failure rather than hope for success, and they also demonstrate an increased fear of rejection. AD patients have an increased fear of power of other people. In EH patients, the fear of power seems to play a significant role as it correlates with many other variables. In EH patients, the other-oriented perfectionism is connected to achievement motivation, whereas in AD patients the same is true for socially prescribed perfectionism. Overall, studying motivation and perfectionism in relation to various disorders seems to offer research prospects.
Highlights
Anxiety disorders (AD) are referred to as some of the most widely spread mental disorders and present one of the major problems in psychiatry and clinical psychology today
The main purpose of this study is to discover differences in motivation and perfectionism levels between healthy adults, patients with Essential hypertension (EH) and patients with AD
Complex relationships seem to exist between motivation and perfectionism for both essential hypertension and anxiety groups
Summary
Anxiety disorders (AD) are referred to as some of the most widely spread mental disorders and present one of the major problems in psychiatry and clinical psychology today. Most authors agree on the significant influence of mental disorders, especially mood disorders, on the development and course of cardio-vascular diseases. The connection between the two is reciprocal, i.e., patients with cardio-vascular diseases run a higher risk of developing mood disorders as well [5]. Because of their high comorbidity, some authors single out psychocardiology as a new subspecialty [6]. As personality traits are considered to be one of the essential groups of psychological factors affecting the origin and progress of EH [8], and the motivational sphere being the vital aspect in personality, it is considered
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