Abstract
The general aim of the study is to determine the motivation of volunteers to participate in the sportive activities of mentally handicapped individuals (Study 1) and to reveal the details that can ensure the continuity of these volunteering activities (Study 2). In Study I, a survey model including the qualitative paradigm was used. Study I was carried out with 138 volunteers who participated in the Special Olympics Turkey event for mentally handicapped individuals in Gazi University. In the study I, an open-ended data collection tool with one question was used to determine the reasons for volunteers to participate in the sportive activities of mentally handicapped individuals. In the study I was used thematic analysis. In study I, It was determined that 121 (Female: 76, Male: 45) volunteers were in the internal motivation sub-dimension, 15 (Female: 4, Male: 11) volunteers were in the external motivation sub-dimension and 2 participants were in the non-motivation sub-dimension. In Study II, it was aimed to examine the expressions of volunteers involved in external motivation and non-motivation dimensions for these dimensions in depth. In Study II, a qualitative research approach was used. Study II was carried out with 17 volunteers involved in the dimensions of External Motivation (n: 15) and Non-motivation among volunteers. In Study II, semi-structured interview form was used as data collection tool. Study II shows the categories and frequencies achieved during interviews with individuals, whose voluntary participation motivations are external motivation and non-motivation. In interviews with volunteers in the external motivation sub-dimension, the following categories were obtained: “Occupational anxiety”, “Increasing the Sincerity with Teachers”, “Gaining Social Status/Becoming Popular” and “Rewarding Voluntary Participation”.
Highlights
Mental disability is defined as the general mental functions of the individual being under normal and the disability seen in two or more of the adaptive behaviors (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013; World Health Organization [WHO], 2012)
- What is the distribution of volunteers’ reasons for participation in sportive activities for mentally handicapped individuals according to the sub-dimensions of Internal Motivation, External Motivation and Non-Motivation?
Sub Question: What is the distribution of volunteers’ reasons for participation in sportive activities for mentally handicapped individuals according to the sub-dimensions of Internal Motivation, External Motivation and Non-Motivation?
Summary
Mental disability is defined as the general mental functions of the individual being under normal and the disability seen in two or more of the adaptive behaviors (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013; World Health Organization [WHO], 2012). Handicapped individuals tend to have more health problems than their normally developing peers (Emerson, Glover, Hatton, & Wolstenholme, 2014; Krahn, Hammond, & Turner, 2006; Heslop, Blair, Fleming, Hoghton, Marriott, & Russ, 2014). This trend increases the incidence of obesity, hypertension and cardiovascular health problems among the mentally handicapped individuals in the early stages of life (Lin, Lin, & Lin, 2010; Wallén, Müllersdorf, Christensson, Malm, Ekblom, & Marcus, 2009). As a matter of fact, studies show that obesity rates are up to 58% higher for the mentally handicapped individuals compared to those with normal development and these problems related to obesity and lifestyle affect mentally handicapped people at the alarming rate (Bandini, Curtin, Hamad, Tybor, & Must, 2005; Slevin et al, 2014)
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