Motion coherence across different chromatic axes.

Abstract

It has been reported that equiluminant plaid patterns constructed from component gratings modulated along different axes of a cardinal colour space fail to create a coherent impression of two-dimensional motion [Krauskopf and Farell (1990). Nature, 348, 328-331]. In this paper we assess whether this lack of interaction between cardinal axes is a general finding or is instead dependent upon specific stimulus parameters. Type I and Type II plaids were made from sinusoidal components (1 cpd) each modulated along axes in a cardinal colour space and presented at equivalent perceived contrasts. The spatial angular difference between the two components was varied from 5 to 90 deg whilst keeping the Intersection of Constraints (I.O.C.) solution of the pattern constant. Observers were required to indicate the perceived direction of motion of the pattern in a single interval direction-identification task. We find that: (i) When plaids were made from components modulated along the same cardinal axis, coherent "pattern" motion was perceived at all angular differences. As the angular difference between the components decreased in a Type II plaid, the perceived direction of motion moved closer to the I.O.C. solution and away from that predicted by the vector sum. (ii) A plaid made from components modulated along red-green and blue-yellow cardinal axes (cross-cardinal axis) did not cohere at high angular differences (> 30 deg) but had a perceived direction of the fastest moving component. At lower angular differences, however, pattern motion was detected and approached the I.O.C. solution in much the same way as a same-cardinal axis Type II plaid. (iii) A plaid made from a luminance grating and a cardinal chromatic grating (red-green or blue-yellow) failed to cohere under all conditions, demonstrating that there is no interaction between luminance and chromatic cardinal axes. These results indicate that there are conditions under which red-green and blue-yellow cardinal components interact for the purposes of motion detection.