Abstract
Mosul Dam is located on the River Tigris about 60 km northwest Mosul in Iraq. It is the biggest dam where its storage capacity reaches 11.11 billion cubic meters at normal operational level (330 m. above sea level). The dam was constructed on alternating beds of karistified limestone, gypsum and marl. This dam suffered from water seepage under its foundation since its operation in 1986. Grouting operations were implemented since that time to overcome this problem. This seepage is believed to be due to dissolution of gypsum beds under the foundation, which was not carefully considered by the designers. It was recommended by the international board of experts that the water level should be kept at or below 319 m.a.s.l. to minimize damages in case of the failure of the dam. ISIS occupied the dam site on 8 August 2014 and it was seized back from the hands of ISIS on the 16th of the same month. They did plenty of damage despite the short period they occupied the area. After that, the Iraqi Ministry of Water Resources rebuilt the damaged parts and used new grouting and maintenance program. Now, the dam looks very safe at 319 m water level at its reservoir. In addition, the impounding was raised 325 m.a.s.l. for few days and nothing abnormal was noticed.
Highlights
Iraq is located in the northeastern part of the Arabian Peninsula (Figure 1)
This paper describes the problems of Mosul Dam and the measures taken to stabilize the dam
The results showed that the samples were deteriorating where rock quality designation (RQD) results were 45% - 65% for the year 1989 and 0% - 20% for the year 2006
Summary
Iraq is located in the northeastern part of the Arabian Peninsula (coordinates 33 00 N, 44 00 E) (Figure 1). The Tigris and Euphrates Rivers form the main water resources of Iraq. Both rivers rise in Turkey and the water coming from Turkey to Iraq is about 71% while about 6.9% and 4% come from Iran and Syria respectively (Figure 2) [2] [3] [4]. One of the important measures to be taken in this context is the safety of the existing dams. In this context, Mosul Dam (the biggest dam in Iraq) experienced some problems [37]-[73]. The goal of this work is to show the real status of the dam
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