Abstract
In a field of operation of Veterinary Ambulance Farkasevac farmers are mainly breeding Simmental cattle, followed by the number of Black Holstein and the Red Holstein used for crossing with Simental breed. The selection of bulls for the artificial insemination of cows and heifers in 2014 and 2015 in the field of operation of Veterinary Ambulance Farkasevac shows the interest of the cattle breeders for the bulls that have the best milking index. Such a unilateral selection of bulls for a well-adapted combined Simmental breed points out the shortcomings of selected bulls with a weak index of meat or legs. With such approaches in the second or third generation, the female calves will become good dairy cows, but will have weak legs and reduced longevity. In the case of male calves for fattening, due to poor meat index, such calves will not grow for 15 to 16 months in quality fattening steers, which will ultimately prolong fattening, increase production costs and reduce the quality of meat on slaughter line.
Highlights
Artificial insemination (AI) has been used in cattle breeding in Croatia for 60 years and has great economic, breeding and hygienic significance [10]
The greatest task of artificial insemination is the rapid spread of the genomes of the best quality breeding bulls with the aim of improving the production properties
Centers have been developed with highvalue breeding bulls kept for ejaculate which is sent to analysis in laboratories and continue to be diluted and preserved
Summary
Artificial insemination (AI) has been used in cattle breeding in Croatia for 60 years and has great economic, breeding and hygienic significance [10]. The bull ejaculate is taken 2 to 4 times a week. On the day of taking the bull’s ejaculate, 2 to 3 ejaculates are taken from the bull, and during the week 4 to 12 ejaculates [7]. It is important to note that the bulls should have one to two days of rest a week. Important is the evaluation of the ejaculate in breeding bulls used for breeding for the first time [9]. Cows and heifers are mostly inseminated in the stalls at the request of the owner. In this way, the insemination can be performed in optimal time [2]
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