Abstract
In this work, we reported a moss-derived biomass porous carbon (MPC) as a bi-functional electrode material for both the lithium–sulfur battery and the supercapacitor. The MPC was prepared from a high-temperature calcination procedure using the moss as the carbonaceous precursor. Using NaOH, the MPC was activated to give a mesoporous structure with a high specific surface area (1057.1 m2 g−1) and large pore volume (0.72 cm3 g−1). When it was used as the cathode material in lithium–sulfur batteries, the MPC material realized a sulfur loading and exhibited a remarkably improved electrochemical performance, i.e., a high discharge capacity of 1070 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C. This activated MPC also worked well as a capacitive electrode in supercapacitors, demonstrating a high specific capacitance of 332 F g−1 (scan rate of 1.0 A g−1) and a high capacity retention > 97% in a long-term cycle of 1000 charge/discharges. This work demonstrated a facile method for the utilization of activated waste biomass material for future clean energy applications.
Highlights
To satisfy the increasing demand for cheap and efficient clean energy technologies, the development of low cost rechargeable energy storage devices with high specific energy and high stability is highly sought after [1,2]
The large pore volume and the uniform mesoporous carbon structure allowed the successful encapsulation of sulfur into the pore space, yielding a high capacity of 830 mAh g−1, with acceptable stability (71% capacity remained after 100 cycles)
Considering several features of the prepared moss-derived biomass porous carbon (MPC) material, such as the porous structure with several features of the prepared material, sucharea, as the porous structure with openConsidering pores, the high levelfeatures of N doping, and the high specific surface we further evaluated its Considering several of the prepared material, such as the porous structure with open pores, the high level of doping, and the high specific surface area, we further evaluated its electrochemical performances a supercapacitor
Summary
To satisfy the increasing demand for cheap and efficient clean energy technologies, the development of low cost rechargeable energy storage devices with high specific energy and high stability is highly sought after [1,2]. The large pore volume and the uniform mesoporous carbon structure allowed the successful encapsulation of sulfur into the pore space, yielding a high capacity of 830 mAh g−1 (at 0.1 C), with acceptable stability (71% capacity remained after 100 cycles) These achievements encouraged us to develop the alternative biomass-derived carbon material, the moss, as the electrode material for the Li-S battery. We demonstrated a high-performing (e.g., high discharge specific capacity, good cycling stability and rate performance) Li-S battery using the cathode material from the moss-derived porous carbon (MPC) biomass This MPC with a high surface area was activated with a conventional approach (heating reaction of the carbon contained materials with NaOH), which is capable of providing a high specific capacitance when used in supercapacitors. Given the natural porous structure and abundant resources, this work demonstrated that moss-derived porous carbons can be a promising electrode material for energy storage and conversions
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