Mosquitoes repellent potency of four species plants belong to Rutaceae family

Abstract

Dengue hemorrhagic virus could be transmitted through mosquito bites. Many plants used as natural mosquito repellent because of their volatile compounds in an odor form, in which make mosquito felt not comfort. The objective of this study was to analyze the mosquitoes repellent potency of four species plants of Rutaceae family such as kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix), Swinglea glutinosa, Afraegle paniculata, and Citrus jambhiri. Repellency test was done by plants direct exposure on laboratory test and field test. Laboratory test carried out by observing the distribution of Aedes aegypti in double trap chamber connected by a T-shaped glass pipe. Plant stems as treatment and a mice as Aedes aegypti mosquitoes attractant were placed in cage A meanwhile cage B only placed with a mice. The highest repellency activity of the plant than further subjected to field test experiment. In field test, some probandus will be interviewed after being bite by neighborhood mosquitoes both before and after the presence of C. hystrix plants in the area under S. glutinosa, Ficus lyrata, and Pometia pinnata tree. Data from laboratory were analyzed by One-Way Anova Program SPSS ver.16 and field test were analyzed by Microsoft Excel. The result showed that on laboratory test S. glutinosa, A. paniculata, C. jambhiri, and C. hystrix showed the potency for mosquitoes repellent and the highest potency was showed by C. hystrix (20-25.56%), while others were 10-15.55%, 13.33-15.55%, and 15.56-17.77% respectively. In the field test experiment showed that the repellent potency of C. hystrix under S. glutinosa tree was lower than under Ficus lyrata and Pometia pinnata tree. C. hystrix effectively decreased the number of mosquitoes attacked up to 60%, 61%, and 66% respectively. This study revealed that the four species plants of Rutaceae family have high potency as natural mosquito repellent.