Mosquito Distribution in Northwestern Russia: Species of the Genera Anopheles Meigen, Coquillettidia Dyar, Culex L., and Culiseta Felt (Diptera, Culicidae)

A V Khalin,S V Aibulatov,I V Filonenko

doi:10.1134/s0013873821030040

Abstract

Records of 16 species of the mosquito genera Anopheles, Coquillettidia, Culex, and Culiseta (Diptera: Culicidae) in Northwestern Russia are mapped. The values of the sum of active temperatures above 0°C were shown to correlate with the position of the northern range boundaries of mosquito species, according to which 16 species were included in 4 distribution groups.

Highlights

During further analysis of the northern range boundaries we have mapped the records of 16 mosquito species of the genera Anopheles, Coquillettidia Dyar, 1905, Culex, and Culiseta Felt, 1904 in the whole territory of NWR
Based on the minimal SAT values, species of the genera Anopheles, Coquillettidia, Culex, and Culiseta were included in four groups (Fig. 17)
Nine species, including 3 species of group 1 and Anopheles beklemishevi, A. maculipennis, A. messeae, Culex territans, Culiseta morsitans, and C. ochroptera. These species are distributed in the area with SAT values exceeding 1227°C

Summary

DISCUSSION

Analysis of additional publications has allowed us to correct the mosquito check-list in NWR, currently comprising 47 species; the list was supplemented with Anopheles atroparvus, recorded in KP (Levenson et al, 1959). Three species: Culex pipiens, Culiseta alaskaensis, and C. bergrothi These species are distributed in the area with SAT values exceeding 770°C Nine species, including 3 species of group 1 and Anopheles beklemishevi, A. maculipennis, A. messeae, Culex territans, Culiseta morsitans, and C. ochroptera These species are distributed in the area with SAT values exceeding 1227°C (i.e., the territory of NWR excluding the greatest parts of MP and NAO and the north and east of the Komi Republic; see Fig. 17). Thirteen species: all the examined species excluding Anopheles atroparvus, Culex modestus, and Culiseta annulata Mosquitoes of this group are distributed in the area with SAT values exceeding 1733°C (KP, LP, south of RK, AP, Komi, VP, PP, and NP). Most mosquitoes distributed in the high latitudes of the Holarctic (e.g., Aedes species) overwinter in the egg stage, but the northernmost species considered Culiseta alaskaensis and C. bergrothi, diapause as adult females; yet this feature does not prevent them from spreading as far northwards as the Barents Sea coast

CONCLUSIONS

COMPLIANCE WITH ETHICAL STANDARDS