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Abstract
The roots of Morus australis have been used as a traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of diabetes, arthritis, and rheumatism. Recently, it was also evaluated as skin-whitening cosmetics. Other biological activity is not well known. In our preliminary study, it showed ethanol extract of Morus australis roots (MRE) contained polyphenolic compositions such as morusin and oxyresveratrol which may possess chemoprevention properties. Chemoprevention has been acknowledged as an important and practical strategy for the management of cancer. In the present study, whether roots of Morus australis are attributed to antitumor promotion potential are evaluated by the JB6 mouse epidermal cell model. First, MRE showed effective DPPH and NO scavenging activity in vitro. In mice skin assay, MRE inhibited 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13 acetate (TPA) induced leukocyte infiltration, hyperkeratosis and hyperplasia. In JB6 cells, cytotoxicity of MRE, morusin and oxyresveratrol in JB6 cells were assessed by MTT assay, respectively. Noncytotoxic concentrations of MRE inhibited TPA induced tumorigenic anchorage-independent colonies in soft agar in a does dependent manner. In addition, MRE, morusin and oxyresveratrol inhibited TPA-induced ROS production, epithelial-mesenchymal transitions associated protein expression and inflammatory proteins expression including iNOS and COX-2. MRE also inhibited TPA-induced actin rearrangement, cell adhesion and cell migration in JB6 cells. Furthermore, it showed that MRE, morusin and oxyresveratrol inhibited TPA-induced up-regulation of vimentin, N-cadherin and down-regulation of E-cadhrin. Morusin and oxyresveratrol also inhibited TPA-induced nucler translcation of Snail and Twist which regulated epithelial-mesenchymal transitions proteins expression. In addition, morusin and oxyresveratrol may inhibit EMT through infibiting GSH depletion. In conclusion, our data presented that MRE has a potential of anti-transformation.
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