Mortality profile of Parkinson’s disease in Brazil between 2010 and 2019

Abstract

Background: Parkinson’s disease is a chronic and degenerative condition. Recognizing its mortality profile can be useful in order to search for protective and risk factors. Objectives: Analyze the rates of deaths from Parkinson’s disease in Brazil between 2010 and 2019. Design and setting: Descriptive documentary study with data collected from the Mortality Information System (SIM), made available by the Information System of the Unified Health System of Brazil. Methods: A statistical analysis of deaths due to ICD G20 from the SIM database was performed. Results: In the analyzed period 340,291 deaths due to diseases affecting the CNS were recorded, with Parkinson’s disease being the second largest cause, behind Alzheimer’s disease. In the evaluated period, 34,208 deaths due to Parkinson’s disease were registered in Brazil. There was a steady increase in these values over time, with 2019 being the year with the highest number of deaths (n = 4,575). Most deaths occurred in white individuals (74.3%) and males (54.8%). Regarding the age group, those aged 80 or over had higher mortality (57.8%), followed by those aged 70 to 79 (30.9%) and 60 to 69 (8.9%). The level of education was mainly from 1 to 3 years (26.3%), with less than 7 years of schooling, together, accounting for 57.2% of deaths, not counting those ignored. Conclusions: The higher prevalence of deaths among men, especially above 80 years of age, may be related to menopause and its protective factor among women. Lower levels of education also contributed to higher mortality, which correlates with studies that demonstrate that higher levels of education may delay the clinical onset of the disease. In view of this, mapping the profiles and analyzing the protective and risk factors can contribute to the awareness of the population and the consequent reduction of their morbidity.