Abstract
Aim: reasonswascalculatedbyproportionusingdescriptivestatistics. Theoverallpercentmortalityin0-1m,1-2m,2-3m,3-6m,6-18m,18m-3yrand>3yearagegroupswere17.49,5.99, 3.34, 5.42, 6.35, 2.59 and 3.93, respectively. The main cause of mortality in 0-1, 1-2, 2-3 and 6-18 m of age groups was respiratoryproblems(6.61%,1.79%,1.06%and1.97%respectively).Maincausesofmortalityinagegroup3-6monthswere general debility (1.57%) followed by respiratory and digestive problems (1.22%), miscellaneous (0.87%), liver and urinary problems (0.17%). Mortality could not reveal any consistent trend across different seasons and period of birth. General debility (1.29%) followed by toxemia, liver problems and miscellaneous reasons were main causes of mortality in age group 18m-3yrofage.Inmalesabovethreeyearsofage,generaldebility(2.81%)followedbyrespiratoryproblems(1.12%)were themaincausesofmortality. Intensivehealthcareandmanagementisrequiredforyoungmalebuffalocalvesespeciallyinhothumidmonths ofrainyseasonandcoldinclementweatherconditionsinwintermonthstominimizemortalityduetorespiratoryanddigestive problems.
Highlights
The estimate of world buffalo population is approximately 185.29 million dispersed in 42 countries, out of which 97% (179.75 million) are found only in Asia [1]
Intensive health care and management is required for young male buffalo calves especially in hot humid months of rainy season and cold inclement weather conditions in winter months to minimize mortality due to respiratory and digestive problems
Data: Records on 1029 Murrah buffalo males born during the period 1997-2012, at National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Karnal, were collected from Dairy Cattle Breeding Division, Cattle yard and Artificial Breeding Research Center
Summary
The estimate of world buffalo population is approximately 185.29 million dispersed in 42 countries, out of which 97% (179.75 million) are found only in Asia [1]. India has approximately 57% (105.3 million) of the total world buffalo population. Share of buffalo milk occupies the highest position in Indian dairy industry, contributing about 56% of total milk (110 MT) produced by its varied population which is less than half that of the cattle population [3]. Population size of Murrah is 20.49 million which constitutes 19.45% of the total buffalo population of India [4]. Murrah buffalo is the most efficient milk producer and has better adaptability throughout India [5]. The breeding tract of Murrah buffalo breed comprises of Rohtak, Hisar and Jind districts of Haryana and Nabha and Patiala districts of Punjab in India [6]
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