MORTALITY OF THE POPULATION OF UKRAINE, MODERN TRANSFORMATIONS, SOCIAL AND ECONOMICAL FACTORS

Abstract

The demographic situation in Ukraine remains extremely tense, the mortality rate of population is the largest in Europe. The aim of the research is to conduct a spatial – temporal analysis of the population’s mortality trend and identify the socio-economic reasons that set the direction for these trends. Mortality is an extremely informative indicator of public health in particular and level of socio-economic development of the country as a whole. For mortality affects the whole complex of factors: demographic, socio-economic, medical, natural biological, political, environmental, ethnic, etc. Ukraine is characterized by a relatively low life expectancy – 63 years for men and 74 years for women. There is an increase in morbidity in almost all types of diseases and insufficient level of development of medicine and health. In the modern mortality structure 82% of cases of deaths of Ukrainians are due to two reasons: diseases of the circulatory system and neoplasm. More than 53% of the population of Ukraine suffers from diseases of the circulation system, of which 9.3 million are persons of working age. The mortality rate from the disease of the circulatory system at the present stage has significant regional differences. The maximum level is observed in the South-Eastern industrial regions of Ukraine. The fight against premature mortality requires from the state of the target approach, understanding the regional specificity, inter-sectoral cooperation. The relevant national strategies should be developed; a number of necessary, possibly extraordinary, measures are required to overcome the above reasons for a high mortality rate.