Abstract
Background and ObjectivesTemporal trends in mortality from congenital heart disease (CHD) vary among regions. It is therefore necessary to study this problem in each country. In Mexico, congenital anomalies were responsible for 24% of infant mortality in 2013 and CHD represented 55% of total deaths from congenital anomalies among children under 1 year of age. The objectives of this study were to analyze the trends in infant mortality from CHD in Mexico (1998 to 2013), its specific causes, age at death and associated socio-demographic factors.MethodsPopulation-based study which calculated the compounded annual growth rate of death rom CHD between 1998 and 2013. Specific causes, age at which death from CHD occurred and risk factors associated with mortality were analyzed for the year 2013.ResultsInfant mortality from CHD increased 24.8% from 1998 to 2013 (114.4 to 146.4/ 100,000 live births). A total of 3,593 CHD deaths occurred in 2013; the main causes were CHD with left-to-right shunt (n = 487; 19.8/100,000 live births) and cyanotic heart disease (n = 410; 16.7/100,000). A total of 1,049 (29.2%) deaths from CHD occurred during the first week of life. Risk factors associated with mortality from CHD were, in order of magnitude: non-institutional birth, rural area, birth in a public hospital and male sex.ConclusionsMortality from CHD has increased in Mexico. The main causes were CHD with left-to-right shunt, which are not necessarily fatal if treated promptly. Populations vulnerable to death from CHD were identified. Approximately one-third of the CHD occurred during the first week of life. It is important to promote early diagnosis, especially for non-institutional births.
Highlights
Worldwide, mortality of children under 5 years of age decreased 47% from 1990 to 2015, from 90.6 to 42.5 deaths per 1,000 live births [1]
Infant mortality from congenital heart disease (CHD) increased 24.8% from 1998 to 2013 (114.4 to 146.4/ 100,000 live births)
A total of 1,049 (29.2%) deaths from CHD occurred during the first week of life
Summary
Mortality of children under 5 years of age decreased 47% from 1990 to 2015, from 90.6 to 42.5 deaths per 1,000 live births [1]. Temporal trends in congenital heart disease (CHD) vary among countries. Temporal trends in mortality from congenital heart disease (CHD) vary among regions. In Mexico, congenital anomalies were responsible for 24% of infant mortality in 2013 and CHD represented 55% of total deaths from congenital anomalies among children under 1 year of age. The objectives of this study were to analyze the trends in infant mortality from CHD in Mexico (1998 to 2013), its specific causes, age at death and associated socio-demographic factors
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