MORTALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF MULTIPLE TRAUMA PATIENTS AT MILITARY HOSPITAL 103

Abstract

Objectives: To determine mortality characteristics of multiple trauma patients who were treated at Military Hospital 103. Methods: A prospective, descriptive study on 196 multiple trauma patients who were admitted and treated at the Surgical Intensive Care Unit (SICU), Military Hospital 103. Patients' clinical and subclinical data were collected at the time of admission, during treatment, and at the time of discharge from the SICU. The data were encoded and processed according to statistical methods. Results: The majority of multiple trauma patients were aged 20 - 40 (38.8%), mainly men (80.1%), and the main cause was traffic accidents (66.8%). The 30-day mortality rate of multiple trauma admitted to the SICU was 40.8%. The mortality rate within 24 and 48 hours after admission was 15.8% and 21.9%, respectively, then it gradually decreased over time. The main causes of death within the first 24 hours were traumatic shock (10.7%) and severe traumatic brain injury (5.1%), but the main cause of death after 24 hours was multiple organ failure (9.7%). Injury Severity Score (ISS) (HR 1.95; 95%CI: 1.05 - 3.64), brain trauma (HR 0.25; 95%CI: 0.09 - 0.70) and shock when arrival (HR 0.41; 95%CI: 0.22 - 0.75) were risk factors for survival over time in multiple trauma patients (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The mortality rate among multiple trauma patients was high. ISS, traumatic brain injury, and shock at the time of admission were risk factors for survival over time in patients with multiple traumas (p < 0.05). The main causes of death within the first 24 hours were traumatic shock and severe traumatic brain injury, but after 24 hours was multiple organ failure.