Morphophysiological and productive aspects of sprinkler and surface irrigated rice cultivars

Abstract

The surface-irrigated rice crop in the continuous flooding system is characterized by increased water volume and low irrigation water productivity. In this sense, the present objective is to evaluate grain yield and irrigation water, in addition to physiological aspects and NPK accumulation in two rice cultivars irrigated by sprinkler and surface irrigation. The experiment was conducted under field conditions during the 2019/20 and 2020/21 agricultural crops, in Santa Maria, RS, Brazil, at the Department of Plant Science of the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (29°43’8.8” S and 53°43’18.6” W). The experimental design used was randomized blocks, with four replications. Sprinkler and surface irrigation systems (continuous and intermittent) were tested for factor A. For factor D, second ones were tested as rice cultivars IRGA 424 RI and IRGA 431 CL, in a 3 × 2 factorial. In the agricultural season, the soil scarification treatment with sprinkler irrigation was added, in a 4 × 2 factorial. Sprinkler irrigation reduces water use, however, with a reduction in morphophysiological parameters and grain yield. In the presence of physical roots from the soil to root growth, scarification provides an increase in irrigation grain yield parameters, when irrigated by rice sprinklers, when it increases in higher irrigation productivity. The IRGA 431 CL cultivar provides a reduction in water use and greater irrigation water productivity, without prejudice to the crop’s grain yield.