Morphometry of terminal hepatic veins

Abstract

Alcohol induced perivenular fibrosis of terminal hepatic veins (THV) is claimed to be a precursor lesion leading to fibrosis development in man and baboon. The nature and significance of the THV lesions found in four baboons chronically fed with alcohol were studied in liver biopsies obtained during a three year period. The surface of THV wall and the number of mesenchymal cells were assessed with a semi-automatic image analyser. Histologically, THV were characterized as (a) phlebitic, in the presence of an inflammatory cell infiltrate involving the venous wall; (b) oedematous, when the connective tissue of the THV wall was disrupted or dissociated and (c) fibrotic, when perivenular scarring appeared as an increased rim. These lesions were present simultaneously and their intensity and distribution were independent of the duration of alcohol intoxication. Morphometric data obtained from these THV confirmed the thickening of the THV wall (WS/IS in: oedematous 1.05 +/- 0.36; phlebitic 1.65 +/- 1.04; fibrotic 1.47 +/- 0.36); and revealed an increased number of mesenchymal cells in fibrotic (439 microns 2/cell; p less than 0.01) and in phlebitic THV (510 microns 2/cell; p less than 0.05). A constant relationship was found between phlebitis and the presence of inflammatory infiltrate within the hepatic acini. Fibrotic THV was a less frequent finding and the lesion disappeared in the sequential biopsies of one of the baboons. In conclusion, THV lesions were heterogeneous and the collagen deposition in the THV wall was potentially reversible during the three year alcohol intoxication period, regardless the inflammatory reaction and, thus, did not indicate early irreversible hapatic fibrosis.