Morphometry of Mitral Valve Leaflet for Reconstructive Surgery in Human Cadaveric Hearts of South Indian Population

Abstract

Introduction: The pumping capacity of heart is affected by disorders involving the valves of the heart. The mitral valve in human cadaveric heart comprises of annulus, leaflets, chordae tendinae and papillary muscle. Aim: To find morphometric analysis of normal mitral valve leaflets in the cadaveric hearts for the conservative surgical techniques. Materials and Methods: The morphometric observational analysis was done on 50 heart of embalmed adult human cadaver of both sexes (28 males, 22 females) age between 20-60 years which were taken from the Department of Anatomy during 2016-2018 in Vydehi Institute of Medical Science and Research Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Parameters measured were length and breadth of anterior and posterior leaflet, length of anterior and posterior commissure, and length of free edge of both leaflets of mitral valve. Descriptive statistical analysis was done and Mean±SD (Standard Deviation) (Min-Max) and percentage of parameters was calculated by using statistical software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 15.0. Results: The mean length of anterior and posterior mitral valve leaflets was 1.99±0.35 cm and 1.25±0.22 cm, respectively, breadth of anterior and posterior mitral valve leaflets was 2.84±0.47 cm and 4.00±0.53 cm. The length of anterior leaflet was more than posterior leaflet. Breadth of posterior leaflet was more than anterior leaflets. Length of anterior commissure (0.65±0.11 cm) was more than posterior commissure (0.64±0.08 cm) in males. Conclusion: On the basis of the findings of the present study, the morphometric parameters of mitral valve leaflet was important for cardiac Surgeons during operation to assess the exact mechanical reason for valve insufficiency and in manufacture of prosthesis for mitral valve replacement.