Morphometric studies on the calyx minor of the Japanese adult (author's transl)

Abstract

Few reports have been made about the pelves and calyces which have various shapes and sizes. In this paper, the calyces minores of the 70 kidneys of the Japanese adult are studied. These calyces were filled up with yellow latex rubber from the ureters, and were taken out from the kidneys. In these specimens, the calyces minores were identified by the hollows which corresponded to the renal papilla, irrespective of the presence of a neck part. Six hundred and two calyces minores in 70 kidneys were observed with regard to the following items;(1) The number of the calyces minores : The mean of the number of the calyces minores was 8.6 (4-16) in one kidney. These numbers of calyces minores did not correlate to the length, width, thickness and weight of the kidneys. (2) The presence of necks of the calyces minores: The presence of necks were classified into the following 3 types : 0 Neck type ; 398/602 (66.1%).(2) Half-neck type; 148/602 (24.6%). (3) Non-neck type; 56/602 (9.3%).(3) The shapes of the calyces minores surfaces: The surface shapes were classified into the following 6 groups: (1) Quadrilateral shape; 19/602 (3.2%). (2) Gourd shape; 43/602 (7.1%). Triangular shape; 35/602 (5.8%). (4) Circular shape; 91/602 (15.1%). (5) Elliptical shape; (3) 163/602 (27.1%). (6) Irregular shape; 251/602 (41.7%).(4) Directions of the calyces minores : The calyces minores were divided into the following 3 directions: (1) Ventral direction: 220/602 (36.5%). (2) Lateral direction; 178/602 (29.6%). (3) Dorsal direction ; 204/602 (33.9%).(5) Areas of the calyces minores surfaces : These surface areas were analysed using the following 3 categories: (1) Mean area of all calyces minores: The mean area of 602 calyces minores surfaces was 41.5 mm2 (0.8.163.5 mm2) in 70 kidneys. (2) Total area It was a sum of all calyces minores areas in one kidney. The mean of them was 356.8 mm2 (193.6.703. 9mm2) in 70 kidneys. (3) Mean area of one kidney : It was a mean of one calyx minor surface in one kidney. The mean of them was 43.0 mm2 (14.3-100.6 mm2) in 70 kidneys.(6) Coefficiency of the correlation between areas of calyces minores surfaces and the kidney: The total area was correlated with the length and weight of the kidney (P<0.01). (2) (1) The mean area was also correlated with the length and weight of kidney (P < 0.01). (3) However, the mean area was negatively correlated with the number of calyces minores (P < 0.01).(7) Position of the calyces minores : They were nominated as upper or lower calyces minores, according to their location to the ureters. (1) The number of the upper calyces minores; 285/602 (47.3%). (2) The number of the lower calyces minores; 317/602 (52.7%). (3) The mean of the total area of the upper calyces minores of the 70 kidneys ; 181.3 mm2. (4) The mean of the total area of the lower calyces minores of the 70 kidneys; 178.0 mm2(8) The difference between right and left calyces minores in the same body: (1) The number of the left calyces minores was greater than the right. (2) The number of the dorsal directions of the right calyces minores was greater than the left. (3) In general, the total area of the left calyces minores was larger than the right. (4) On the contrary, the mean area of the right calyces minores was larger than the left.