Abstract
This study aimed to perform the Jauquara river watershed morphometric characterization. To watershed delimitation was used SRTM 30 type Digital Elevation Model (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission, with spatial resolution of 30 m) provided by USGS Earth Explorer platform. The geographic information system used to watershed delimitation process and maps generation was ArcGIS 10.1 from ESRI®. The morphometric variables calculus was based on classic methodologies of Applied Hydrology. The watershed has an area of 1408,03 km2 and perimeter of 288,43 km with compactness coefficient and circularity index of Kc = 2.15 and Ic = 0.21, respectively, which show an elongated shape. The drainage was classified as 5th order, reinforcing the configuration of the drainage network with a wide hydric distribution. The predominant altitude range is between 368 and 552 m, which corresponds to an area of 478.10 km2. It was observed that there is a predominance of smooth-wavy and undulated reliefs (3-8%, 8-20% slope), which correspond to 38,05% and 23,04% of the total basin area respectively. The morphometric characterization of the basin made it possible to obtain unpublished information that contributes to the decision making regarding the effective water management in the studied area, being this a guiding study for other works
Highlights
Water has a fundamental role and several purposes, such as domestic supply, agriculture, power generation, recreation, fishing and navigation
Demographic growth and industrial expansion, coupled with a lack of planning and management, are evidence of day-to-day scarcity of water resources. It is mentioned the emptying of the Cantareira System, responsible for supplying the metropolitan region of São Paulo, which is a system composed of reservoirs, canals and pumps that supplies the region since the 1970s, since the authorization of its use aspects like the increase of hidric demand over time were not considered and today the population feels the effects of lack of management in terms of supply (KELMAN, 2015)
The main source of the Jauquara River is located near the highway MT-160 in the municipality of Porto Estrela / MT, in a region called Coqueiro, where mountainous relief is observed with typical vegetation of preserved cerrado and surroundings of exotic pastures where the livestock of extensive cutting in the modalities creates, recreates and fattens
Summary
Water has a fundamental role and several purposes, such as domestic supply, agriculture, power generation, recreation, fishing and navigation. It is an integral part of the environment, it is among many vital biological processes and encompasses numerous ecosystems and ecological niches. Demographic growth and industrial expansion, coupled with a lack of planning and management, are evidence of day-to-day scarcity of water resources. As an example, it is mentioned the emptying of the Cantareira System, responsible for supplying the metropolitan region of São Paulo, which is a system composed of reservoirs, canals and pumps that supplies the region since the 1970s, since the authorization of its use aspects like the increase of hidric demand over time were not considered and today the population feels the effects of lack of management in terms of supply (KELMAN, 2015).
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