Morphometric bone assessment of men and women in different age range by cone beam computerized tomography

Kelmara Arruda Pinho,Francine Kühl Panzarella,Luiz Roberto Coutinho Manhães Júnior,Fernando Martins Baeder,Ana Carolina Lyra De Albuquerque,José Luiz Cintra Junqueira,Daniel Furtado Silva,Paola Fernanda Leal Corazza

doi:10.33448/rsd-v10i10.16730

Abstract

Osteoporosis corresponds to a decrease in bone mass and micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue, causing bone fragility and risk of fractures. Although osteoporosis is four times more common in women than in men, they tend to have more complications with a higher risk of mortality after hip fracture. The silent nature of osteoporosis causes delays in early diagnosis, compromising adequate treatment. The objective was to evaluate bone morphometry and correlate morphometric indices between men and women, and between women of different age groups. The sample was divided into: men aged 65 to 75 years (A); women from 45 to 55 years (B1); women from 56 to 65 years (B2) and women from 66 to 75 years (B3). The morphometric indices Computed Tomography Cortical Index (CTCI), the Computerized Tomography Mental Index (MI), the Upper Mandibular Computerized Tomography Index (MCTI-U) and the Lower Mandibular Computed Tomography Index (MCTI-L) were analyzed by through the OnDemand3D software. There were significant differences between the different groups in MI, MCTI-L and MCTI-U and a high correlation between the indices. There was no difference in CTCI when used alone. There are differences in the bone structure of men and women, and between women of different age groups, and the quantitative and qualitative indices can be a useful tool in detecting patients with low bone density when used together for subsequent referral for bone densitometry and specialized medical treatment.

Highlights

Osteoporosis is defined as a systemic skeletal disease with decreased bone mass and micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue, resulting in bone fragility and an increased risk of osteoporotic fracture, especially in the regions of the hip and vertebrae
Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is an image exam with several clinical applications widely used in dentistry (Corazza et al, 2020; Marques et al, 2021; Pêgo et al, 2021) that provides a three-dimensional representation of the maxillofacial region with minimal distortion, image clarity, low cost and low radiation dose compared to other modalities of computed tomography, in addition to allow a qualitative and quantitative assessment of bone structures
To understand the influence of sex and age on bone morphometry, the present study applied morphometric indices in tomographic examinations of men and women, and among women of different age groups, and correlated them to verify for differences in bone structure

Summary

Introduction

Osteoporosis is defined as a systemic skeletal disease with decreased bone mass and micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue, resulting in bone fragility and an increased risk of osteoporotic fracture, especially in the regions of the hip and vertebrae. It is considered a worldwide public health problem and is associated with a high rate of mortality and morbidity (Brasileiro et al, 2017, Shokri et al, 2019; Taguchi et al, 2020; Yousefi et al, 2021), with financial and psychosocial consequences for the individual, family and society (Aziziyeh et al, 2019). Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is an image exam with several clinical applications widely used in dentistry (Corazza et al, 2020; Marques et al, 2021; Pêgo et al, 2021) that provides a three-dimensional representation of the maxillofacial region with minimal distortion, image clarity, low cost and low radiation dose compared to other modalities of computed tomography, in addition to allow a qualitative and quantitative assessment of bone structures

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Conclusion