Morphometric assessment of the sella turcica in different morphologic types of Class II malocclusion: a retrospective study

Abstract

Objectives: Sella turcica is a substantial anatomic reference structure used to assess craniofacial growth and treatment changes in orthodontics. The aim of this retrospective study was to analyze the size and morphology of sella turcica in different subdivisions of Class II malocclusion and to compare it Class I craniofacial development. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted with 150 patient’s pre-treatment lateral cephalometric radiographs. Good-quality lateral cephalometric radiographs with a prominent appearance of sella turcica were grouped into Class II division 1, Class II division 2 and Class I (control group). On lateral cephalograms, the length, diameter and depth of the sella turcica were gauged and morphological types of the sella turcica was detected. For statistical analysis, one-way ANOVA, Kruskal Wallis analysis with Dunn-Bonferroni test and Chi-square test were used (p <0.05). Results: A significant difference was found in the length of the sella turcica in the Class II div 2 group (p <0.05) compared to the other groups. The differences in depth and diameter of the sella turcica among three groups were non-significant (p > 0.05). The appearance of the sella turcica was normal shaped in most of the subjects (60.6%). Conclusion: No significant difference was found among skeletal Class II division 1, Class II division 2 and Class I groups in terms of diameter and depth of the sella turcica. A smaller length of sella turcica was found in patients with Class II division 2 anomaly.