Abstract
BackgroundThe present study examined the effectiveness of high-purity macro/microporous beta-tricalcium phosphate (HPMM β-TCP) as a bone grafting material for maxillary sinus floor elevation by morphometric, histopathological, and histomorphometric evaluations.MethodsTen unilateral maxillary sinus floor elevation procedures using 100% HPMM β-TCP were performed in 10 patients. Morphometric evaluation was carried out by computed tomography (CT) imaging immediately after augmentation and prior to dental implant placement 7 months later. Histopathological and histomorphometric evaluations were carried out by bone biopsy retrieval at the time of dental implant placement 7 months after sinus floor elevation.ResultsAll 10 sinus floor elevations were successful. Morphometric evaluation by CT showed that the vertical height and volume gained by sinus floor elevation decreased 7 months after surgery. Histopathological evaluation of bone biopsy retrieval specimens showed no signs of inflammation at the newly formed bone area and the native alveolar bone area. New bone formation was observed at the cranial side from the native alveolar bone. The newly formed bone had a trabecular structure and was in intimate contact with the HPMM β-TCP material. Histomorphometric evaluation of bone biopsy retrieval specimens showed an average new bone volume of 33.97% ± 2.79% and an average residual HPMM β-TCP volume of 15.81% ± 4.52%.ConclusionsIn this study, HPMM β-TCP showed osteoconductive properties for vertical augmentation of the atrophied maxilla by means of a maxillary sinus floor elevation procedure allowing subsequent dental implant placement after a 7-month healing period.
Highlights
The present study examined the effectiveness of high-purity macro/microporous beta-tricalcium phosphate (HPMM Betatricalcium phosphate (β-Tricalcium phosphate (TCP))) as a bone grafting material for maxillary sinus floor elevation by morphometric, histopathological, and histomorphometric evaluations
All the dental implants were osseointegrated after the 6 months healing period, all the dental implants with the prosthesis were clinically functional after appropriate occlusal load
computed tomography (CT) images were evaluated to assess the maximum height of the maxillary grafted materials at Baseline, as well as those of the mixture of both the maxillary grafted materials and the newly formed bone at approximately 7 months after the maxillary sinus floor elevation
Summary
The present study examined the effectiveness of high-purity macro/microporous beta-tricalcium phosphate (HPMM β-TCP) as a bone grafting material for maxillary sinus floor elevation by morphometric, histopathological, and histomorphometric evaluations. There are several disadvantages, including postoperative complications at the donor site, such as limping when the graft is taken from the iliac crest, prolonged healing time at the donor site, requirement for general anesthesia and hospitalization, increased cost of treatment, and unpredictable resorption of the new bone by grafting [4, 5]. These disadvantages have led to a search for eligible graft materials that are a biocompatible and osteoinductive or at least an osteoconductive alternative to autogenous bone substitutes in sinus floor elevation
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